Joint Localization and Environment Sensing by Harnessing NLOS Components in RIS-aided mmWave Communication Systems

This study explores the use of non-line-of-sight (NLOS) components in millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication systems for joint localization and environment sensing. The radar cross section (RCS) a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is calculated to develop general path gain model RISs traditional scatterers. results show that have greater potential assist due their ability maintain high RCSs create strong NLOS links. A one-stage linear weighted least squares estimator proposed simultaneously determine user equipment (UE) locations, velocities, scatterer (or RIS) locations using line-of-sight (LOS) paths. supports sensing UE even only second-stage also introduced improve accuracy by considering nonlinear relationship between locations. Simulation demonstrate effectiveness estimators rich scattering environments benefits paths improving location assisting effects RIS number, size, deployment on performance are analyzed.